Cabin baggage
Cabin baggage or Hand luggage is the type of luggage that passengers are allowed to carry along in the passenger compartment of a vehicle (airplane or train) instead of moving to the cargo compartment. In North America it is commonly referred as Carry-on. There is a limit for the passengers of carrying smaller bags with them in the vehicle and should contain valuables and items needed during the journey. There is normally storage space provided for hand luggage, either under seating, or in overhead lockers in flights. Whereas, in trains usually we can see luggage racks above the seats and in the case of trains travelling longer distance they have luggage space between the backs of seats facing opposite directions, or in extra luggage racks - for example, at the ends of the carriage near the doors.
Size restrictions
As per the IATA (International Air Transport Association) rules, Cabin baggage should have a maximum length of 56 cm (22 inches), the width of 45 cm (18 inches) and depth of 25 cm (10 inches) including all handles, side pockets, wheels etc. However, in practice the actual size and weight limits of cabin baggage can differ widely between airlines, in some it dependent on the aircraft model being used and it depends on the booking class - Economy, Business and etc..,
Check-in baggage / Checked baggage
Check-in baggage or Checked baggage refers to the luggage delivered to an airline or train for transportation in the hold of an aircraft or baggage car of a passenger train, which means it is inaccessible to the passenger during the flight or ride.
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Weight restrictions
As per the IATA (International Air Transport Association) rules, The bag should weigh less than 23KG/50LBS. This is an international regulation set for the health and safety of airport workers who have to lift hundreds of bags daily. If your bag weighs more than this, you may be asked to repack, or have it labeled as "heavy luggage". The maximum weight however is 32KG/70LBS in the EU and the US. Some airlines impose lower limits. You can refer the airline's websites for more detail about their limits .
Conclusion
Both the Cabin and check-in baggage has limits in carrying size, weight and items. For instance, British Airways there is a limit that liquid you carry must be in its own container of no more than 100 ml. Similarly, the weight and size limits differ from airlines to airlines and It also depends on the Ticket class you buy. So, it is always recommended you to visit the website of concern airline and plan before packing your bags.
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